I used Bot Framework Emulator to simulate the info and compare the data getting sent to Rasa.
I could only find the recipient id for the user in the rasa tracker, and you can get that using tracker.sender_id. This id is also the conversation id in Rasa.
If you are using MS Teams as your frontend, maybe you can fetch other details in your action.py and store it in a slot for further usage. I have explained about getting the details related to the user (name, email, groups) at this link MS Teams client & Rasa & Azure authentication - #2 by nchauras.
I am not sure about the service URL. I will dig deeper into the botframework.py code and let you know if I find something.
Maybe someone else in the forum has an idea about it.